通过详细的教案，我们能够精心安排课堂的教学节奏和时间分配，使学习更加紧凑有效，教案的制定需要教师具备丰富的教学经验和专业知识，以下是360好工作网小编精心为您推荐的日的教学教案精选6篇，供大家参考。
日的教学教案篇1
活动名称：数字宝宝活动 我园是一所以蒙特梭利主题活动为园本课程的幼儿园，今天的教学活动是在“神奇变变变”的主题活动中生成的，中班幼儿正处于对数学的敏感期，为了让幼儿对抽象枯燥的数字感兴趣，我们在子课题《数字变变变》中，抓住了这一教育契机，将空间、颜色、规律、大小、形状等较为枯燥的数学活动具体化、生活化。让孩子们能够取之于生活用之生活，并服务于生活。
活动目标：
1.对数字产生浓厚的兴趣，并尝试用完整的语言介绍自己的发现。
2.初步感受数字与生活的简单关系，表达自己对数字的理解。提高幼儿的观察能力，并丰富幼儿的生活经验。
3.幼儿能够将0—9的数字按照自己的规律进行排列，从而培养幼儿的逻辑思维能力及对事物的探索意识和合作精神，并增强幼儿的想象力和创造力。
活动准备：课件、0—9的.数字卡四套。
活动过程：
一、导入
1.引导幼儿自然地使用礼貌用语和客人打招呼。
2.热身运动：手指操。
二、猜数字游戏
1.出示幻灯片空格子，引导幼儿点数。
2.猜一猜隐藏在格子里的数字，并能够从颜色和方位来表达。
三、数字排排队
1.一种特征排队游戏：从大到小、从小到大、单双数
2.两种特征排队游戏：形状和规律上的排序。
3.合作游戏：给数字宝宝排队
四、会说话的数字宝宝
1.鼓励幼儿说一说自己在生活中都在哪里见过数字宝宝，这些数字宝宝有什么作用。
2.教师出示幻灯片，鼓励幼儿说明图片上的数字都告诉我们什么？
3.教师小结： 我们的生活中离不开数字。
五、猜猜数字画
1.观看大屏幕出示的幻灯片，让幼儿观察上面的卡通图案里面都藏着哪些数字宝宝。
2.观看变形数字组合图，让幼儿找一找里面的数字宝宝，并说一说缺少哪几个数字宝宝。
延伸活动：
小朋友们和爸爸妈妈一起用0—9的数字进行数字拼画练习，将作品带到幼儿园和同伴共同分享。
日的教学教案篇2
一、品读“天天”，进入文本
1、《去年的树》是一篇童话故事，故事的开头是这样写的，出示：一棵树和一只鸟儿是好朋友。鸟儿站在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，天天听着鸟儿唱。谁来读？（生
1、生2）
2、一棵树、一鸟，一个唱，一个听，多好的朋友，多么美好的日子，多美的画面，一起读。
（学生齐读故事的开头）
3、想一想，鸟儿可能在什么时候给树唱歌？（生1春天，生2秋天）师：注意了时间的不同，有谁注意了心情的不同？
生：难过、开心、生病了?
师：小结，那么多的可能
师：那么多的可能你是凭这段话中的哪个词看出来的？
生：天天
师：天天出现了几次？齐读开头，注意把“天天”的味道读出来。
师：多美好的日子啊！（配乐）
当太阳升起，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
当月亮挂上树梢，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
雪都融化时，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
树叶在秋风中飘落时，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
迎着风，迎着雨，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
走过冬，走过夏，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
鸟儿坐在树枝上唱着优美的歌，引读——“树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
鸟儿坐在树枝上唱着夏日小情歌，引读——“树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
鸟儿坐在树枝上唱着晚安小夜曲，引读——“树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
师：有这两个“天天”，你体会到什么？
生1：鸟儿和树是好朋友。
生2：鸟儿和树的感情很好。
师：能把“很好”换个词吗？鸟儿和树之间的感情怎么样？
生：鸟儿和树之间的感情很深厚。（板书：深厚）
师：带着这种感情，再读这段文字。（生齐读故事开头）
（通过创设情境，品读“天天”，让学生体会鸟儿和树之间深厚的感情。）
4、师：想看看这棵树吗？想看看这只鸟吗？出示：一棵树和一只鸟是好朋友。树长得-------------，鸟儿呢，长得------------------你的眼前仿佛出现了一棵怎样的树？一只怎样的鸟儿？写下来，不要忘记用上这样一个词——“特别”。
师：生交流，教师随即板书：特别高大，特别粗壮，师：就像----------（生就像一把绿色的伞）小巧玲珑，惹人喜爱
师：森林里有千万棵树，鸟儿却单单为这棵树唱歌；森林里有千万只鸟儿，树却只听这只鸟儿唱歌，它得--------（特别娇小，特别可爱就像------（就像一个充满活力的小精灵）这是一份多么深厚的感情，多么深藏的缘分。让我们带着这样的感情再读故事的开头。
5、师：故事的开头，写了树的健壮吗？写了树的高大吗？写了鸟儿的小巧玲珑吗？写了鸟儿的惹人喜爱吗？（生答没有，师擦去词语）
师：既没有写树的外貌，也没写鸟儿的外貌，这样的开头生动吗？具体吗？（板书：不写外貌）
师：这样的开头，暂且叫它平淡的开头。（板书：平淡）
师：那么故事接下来还是这么平淡地写的吗？自己接着读课文。（学生自由读课文）
二、品读对话，体会情感
1、师：读完这个故事，我想在你的脑海中一定会浮现五个会说话的人物，你还记得吗
生：树、鸟儿、门、树根、小女孩。
师：这五个会说话的人物，他们之间说了些什么呢？（指名读对话）
师：五个人物，四次对话，构成了这个童话最重要的内容。
2、分角色朗读。（一女生读鸟儿的话，各组分别读其余人物的对话，师读提示语）
师：读得都挺好，只有一个人没读好。（王老师）不能全怪我，这提示语还真不好读。怎样的提示语读起来才有味道？
（由分角色朗读引出提示语，巧妙！自然！）
生：有形容词。
师：这一单元有一篇课文的提示语就很有特色。（出示《巨人的花园》片段）朗读片段。（三处：很生气、又发脾气了、大声斥责）
师：每段话当中有一个词提醒了你。我们这个故事有提示语吗？有形容词吗？加一加，能够表示鸟儿和树心情的词。
（在语言实践中学习语言文字的运用）
2、师：就这样，日子一天天过去，寒冷的冬天就要来了。鸟儿要离开树，到很远的地方去过冬。这对形影不离的好朋友就要分离了，树的心情怎样？鸟儿的心情又怎样？
（指名朗读加上提示语的对话，树（依依不舍，恋恋不舍）地对鸟儿说：“再见了，小鸟！明年春天请你回来，还唱歌给我听。”
鸟儿（爽快地、肯定地）说：“好的，我明年春天一定回来，给你唱歌。请等着我吧！”板书：难过、认真、爽快??）
师：他们就要分手了，可谁也不会忘记这份约定。（齐读对话）
师：这是一个春天的约定，树度过了一个漫长的春天，鸟儿飞过了千山万水。第二年春天，鸟儿飞回了森林，然而眼前的这一幕却让她惊呆了。
（指名朗读加上提示语的对话，“立在这儿的那棵树，到什么地方去了呀？”鸟儿担心地、惊讶地问树根。）
树根回答：“伐木人用斧子把它砍倒，拉到山谷里去了。”板书：迫不及待、心急如焚?）
师：答案让人揪心，树根告诉她，伐木人用斧子把他砍倒，拉到山谷里去了，这时，鸟儿的整个心都提了起来。我们怎能忘记去年的约定，引读——（树和鸟儿的约定）
师：我一定要找到他，于是鸟儿飞越了山谷，飞越了工厂?（指名朗读加上提示语的对话，板书：惶惶不安??）
师：听了大门的回答，她更加惶惶不安了，她觉得消失了整个春天，她知道她的朋友以被切成细条儿，可她依然忘不了去年春天的那场约定。指名读——（树和鸟儿的约定） 师：这声音一次又一次在鸟儿的耳边回响。指名读——（树和鸟儿的约定）
师：她继续找，夜幕降临了，她多希望小女孩告诉她她的朋友还在，此时她的心情怎样？她会怎样问小女孩？
（指名读，板书提示语）
师：鸟儿对小姑娘的问是她的最后一问。鸟儿忐忑不安地问女孩，引读——：“小姑娘，请告诉我，你知道火柴在哪儿吗？”鸟儿心如刀绞地问女孩，引读——：“小姑娘，请告诉我，你知道火柴在哪儿吗？”鸟儿近乎绝望地问女孩，引读——：“小姑娘，请告诉我，你知道火柴在哪儿吗？”鸟儿的内心有着如此丰富的感情，她和大树要分手的时候，她——依依不舍；当树提出约定，她是如此地——爽快；
当鸟儿飞回来，却不见大树时，她是如此的——迫不及待；当她得知树被拉到工厂时，她是如此的——惶惶不安；
当大门告诉她树被机器切成细条儿，做成火柴时，她是如此的——心如刀绞。鸟儿对大树的感情是如此——深厚。带着这样的感情，我们再读这个故事。（师朗读修改后的提示语）
3、师：我们都体会到鸟儿对大树有如此丰富、细腻的感情。在我们这个故事中，写了树的难过吗？写了鸟儿的迫不及待吗？写了鸟儿的惶惶不安吗？（教师将表示鸟儿和树的情感的词语一一擦掉）
师：这样的提示语具体吗？生动吗？（板书：不写表情、浅近）
师：开头浅近，过程也是浅近的，那结尾又是怎样的？
三、品读结尾，体悟永恒
1、师：这个故事的结尾有一个细节，很不起眼，是鸟儿唱歌前和唱歌后发生的。一个动作，一个字——看（课件上放大：白色空心字）；意味深长地读——看；轻轻地读——看。
师：鸟儿在看什么？（昔日的朋友）
师：是的，鸟儿在默默地看，静静地看，她看着眼前的灯火，思绪万千。它想起来了——（出示开头）
师：当太阳升起，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
当月亮挂上树梢，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
雪都融化时，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”树叶在秋风中飘落时，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
迎着风，迎着雨，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
走过冬，走过夏，引读——“鸟儿坐在树枝上，天天给树唱歌。树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
可是，这一切再也回不来了，她仿佛又看听了自己坐在树枝上唱着优美的歌，引读——“树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”
她仿佛又听见自己坐在树枝上唱着夏日小情歌，引读——“树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”她仿佛又听见自己坐在树枝上唱着晚安小夜曲，引读——“树呢，也天天站着听鸟儿歌唱。”（再次创设情境，引导学生体会昔日鸟儿和树的深厚情感，记忆犹新，树已不在。）
2、师：可是这一切再也回不来了，树再也回不来了，火柴也已经用完了，只有火柴点燃的火，还在灯里亮着。看着眼前的灯火，鸟儿一定有心里话相对朋有说。请用“树啊，树啊”开头。
（配乐，生写话）
3、交流。
师：当鸟儿看着这灯火，对着去年的树，她有千言万语想对树说。（根据学生的朗读，板书：自责，挚爱，祝愿，告别）
师：鸟儿还有很多话想对树说，可千言万语化作浅近的动作——看。（板书：浅近）
师：在故事中鸟儿有没有说自责的话？有没有说挚爱的话？有没有说祝愿的话？有没有说告别的话？
（师将板书一一擦去，板书：不写心理，深厚）
师：孩子们，听这歌声，这歌声曾在去年响起过。这是一首怎样的歌？如果让你用一个词来形容，将会是一个怎样的词？（生自由发言：告别、永存友谊）
师：这首歌会随着大树的离去而离去吗？会随着岁月的流逝而老去吗？这是一首——永恒的歌。
师：在这个故事中，没有写到鸟儿和树的外貌、表情、心理。（一一擦去板书）
师：他为什么不写？
（师在浅近和深厚之间画了一个方框）
师：这个故事留给我们这个空白，用最浅近的语言表达最深厚的感情，这个故事就是——去年的树。
附王崧舟课后分享：
贯彻一条主线落实三个融合——《去年的树》设计理念一条主线即学习语用
1、创设语言运用的情境写鸟儿和树的外貌，“一棵”、“一只”不仅是数量的指称，“一”是“唯一”，因此要用“特别”这个词。
2、扩大语用容量
设计了三次练笔，分别是写鸟儿和树的外貌，写对话的提示语，写鸟想对树说的话。
3、提升语用品位
写鸟儿想对树说的话，开头用上“树啊，树啊”，更有利于情感的表达。落实三个融合：
1、学习语用与陶冶情感
2、学习语用与内容理解
3、学习语用与思想梳理
日的教学教案篇3
小乌龟画画
活动目标：
1． 能比较专注地观看小乌龟爬行“画画”。
2． 对线条绘画产生初步的兴趣。
活动准备：
1． 小乌龟一只。
2． 大白纸一张。
托班课本的教案-开心宝宝,
3． 色彩鲜艳的颜料两碟。
活动过程：
1． 把白纸铺在地上或桌上，幼儿围坐在四周。
2． 出示小乌龟，引起幼儿的兴趣并导入活动。
3． 让蘸了颜料的小乌龟在白纸上随意爬行。
4． 随时用语言提示幼儿仔细观看（或念简单的儿歌），激发幼儿的观察兴趣。如：小乌龟，爬呀爬，爬出一幅美丽的画。
5． 引导幼儿简单说说小乌龟画的画像什么。
日的教学教案篇4
【活动目标】
1、尝试两人、三人合作平移走“大鞋”，发展幼儿平衡能力及互相协作的精神。
2、选择自己喜欢的方式，进行小组循环的“大鞋”游戏，充分体验合作运动的愉悦。
【活动准备】
用木版和宽牛筋自制的“大鞋”若干双，可供两至三个幼儿一起玩，大鞋上分别写有数字1、2。
【活动过程】
1、热身运动，活动活动筋骨。
2、两人合作“走大鞋”。
第一次尝试
（1）幼儿自由组合，两人一组分别选择一双“大鞋”进行合作“走大鞋”的尝试。
（2）教师巡视观察，注意发现幼儿在尝试过程中出现的问题，如：两人迈步不协调，步速不一致等，并引导幼儿积极探索。
（3）请幼儿说说自己走得怎样？如何才能走得更好？可以用动作配合语言表达自己的想法、做法。
（4）师幼共同总结“走大鞋”的好方法，即动作要领：后一名小朋友扶着前一名小朋友的肩膀；走的时候先出有数字1的鞋，再出有数字2的鞋，同时两人一起喊“1、2，1、2，……”的号子。这样就不会摔倒，两人才能协调一致地向前走。
第二次玩“走大鞋“的游戏
(1)在《踏浪》乐声的伴奏下，幼儿再次玩“走大鞋”的游戏。
(2)教师进行个别指导与帮助。
(3)请合作走大鞋成功的幼儿展示，并鼓励幼儿进行创新。
3、三人合作走大鞋
品尝到成功滋味的、身体平衡能力较强的三名幼儿自由组合走大鞋，方法同两人走，只是难度有所增加，三人必须密切配合、步调一致才能走好。
4、放松运动
幼儿小手捶捶肩、捶捶背、捶捶腿，使身体放松。
【活动延伸】：
1、将幼儿按人数分为两组进行pk赛。
2、两名或三名幼儿跨越障碍走大鞋也可作为亲子游戏（母子、父子或三口之家）进行。
日的教学教案篇5
teaching plans of unit one--- getting along with others
period one welcome to the unit
teaching aims:
to deepen ss’ understanding of friendship
to practice ss’ oral english by getting them involved in the discussion of friends and friendship
to learn the way to describe the characteristics of a true friend
teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.lead-in
1. listen to the song called auld lang syne(友谊地久天长)
2. show students some pictures about friends
3. brainstorming questions:
1) have you enjoyed the song? can someone name the song ?
2) can you guess the relationship between the ones in the pictures?
3) do you have any good friends? how many are they?
4) do you think it is important to have a good relationship with others? why?
5) do you know the concept of “friendship”? try to explain.
6) in your opinion, what does a real friendship consist of ?
Ⅱ. picture talking:
talk about the pictures and proverbs with your partner. try to discuss the following questions:
picture 1,
1) where are the two girls?
2) what are they doing ?
3) how long they spend speaking to each other?
4) do you think they enjoy each other’s company?
5) what do you think ‘friends are thieves of time.’ mean?
picture 2,
1) what do you use a mirror for?
2) what are the two girls doing?
3) do you think the girl on the right is a good friend? why?
4) do you have a good friend? does he/she often give you advice?
5) what do you think the proverb ‘the best mirror is an old friend’ mean?
picture 3,
1) what is the taller boy doing ?
2) why does he do so?
3) do you think it possible for a person to buy friendship?
4) in your opinion, what is the base of a good friendship?
picture 4,
1) do you think friends should be the same age and share the same hobbies and interests?
2) what does the proverb ‘true friends have hearts that beat as one.’
Ⅲ. story-telling
tell a story happened between you and your best friend.
Ⅳ. discussion
1) what a true friend should be like?
a friend is someone who
---you respect and who respects you
---shares your happiness and sorrow
---is trustworthy
---is honest, loving
---is devoted and loyal to you
---is selfless
2) try to think of more proverbs related to friendship.
for example,
a life without a friend is a life without a sun.
a man who has friends must show himself friendly.
Ⅴ. extending
more proverbs about friendship
Ⅵ. conclusion
what else can be our friends besides human beings?
there are many answers to this question. e. g. a dog, a cat, a dictionary, a computer, a toy car, a mobile phone, a tv set…
as long as we have love
Ⅷ. homework
1. smile to your friends.
2. finish the passage in part b.
3. on page 95 in workbook..
4. preview the reading part.
period two reading (one)
teaching aims:
to deepen ss’ insight into problems between friends
to practice ss’ reading comprehension skill
to identify feelings and emotions in a text
teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.lead-in
1. show students a picture about a gang of friends.
it’s a picture of me. can you find me out and guess who are the others. (my friends)
2. brainstorming questions:
1) do you have a friend? how do you get along with your friends?
2) have you ever fallen out with a very good friend?
3) if you had a quarrel with a friend, how would you deal with it?
4) how would you mend a broken friendship?
3. before reading the letters about broken friendships, analyse the reasons that might lead to a broken friendship.
---having little in common
---lacking trust
---there being conflict of interest
---being jealous of each other
---being indifferent to each other
Ⅱ. fast-reading
ask the students to go through the two letters quickly and answer questions in part a
1. are the writers of the two letters feeling happy or sad?
2. what did sarah get for the surprise maths test?
3. is matthew usually a quiet boy?
Ⅲ. detailed-reading
1. ask the students to read the first letter carefully and answer the following questions and an analysis diagram .
1) why other children say we are no fun?
2) what did sarah think about the surprise maths test?
3) what did hannah sense?
4) what did sarah tell hannah in the girls’ toilets?
5) why did sarah tell hannah that they weren’t going to be friends any more?
6) the analysis diagram:
she felt betrayed because … she thought her best friend hannah didn’t keep her secret.
shamed she scored the lowest score in her class.
upset she found a piece of paper on her desk that said ‘stupid sarah got a d’
angry she thought sarah didn’t keep her word.
2. ask the students to read the second letter carefully and answer the following questions and fill in a table.
1) why did andrew shout at mathew after the match?
2) what did matthew think about losing the match?
3) how did andrew think of football?
4) what kind boy is matthew?
5) how is matthew recently?
6) fill in the table:
how andrew felt why she felt so?
he had a dilemma. his best friend matthew has stopped talking to him.
he felt really guilty. he said some really cruel things to matthew.
he was angry with matthew. they lost the game because of matthew’s carelessness.
Ⅳ. summarize the reading strategy according to the emotion analysis and tale above: read to understand emotion
Ⅴ. consolidation
complete two letters written by agony aunt back to the two students with the proper words.
Ⅵ. role play
divide the students into groups of three. each group is formed with agony aunt annie, sarah and hannah or agony aunt annie, andrew and matthew. just suppose they are having a face-to-face talk. students are expected to act it out after a few minutes’ preparation.
Ⅶ. discussion
what is a friendship?
read a poem--- the abc’s of friendship
Ⅷ. homework
1. retell the two letters.
2. write an article about the friendship in your mind.
period three reading (two)--- language points
teaching aims:
to deepen ss’ understanding of the two letters.
to help ss master the important words and phrases in the text.
to introduce a few sentence structures to ss.
teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.lead-in
1. revision
retell the main idea of the two letters.
discussion: will they be good friends again?
Ⅱ.words
1. match the words with the correct definitions
academic make jokes and laugh at someone
deliberately a situation where one can’t decide what to do
tease shout or say loudly
dilemma feeling shamed of something done wrong
brilliant good at studying and getting high marks
yell be kind and like to meet new people
outgoing extremely good, clever and excellent
guilty done in a planed way, on purpose
2. complete the sentences with the words on the left
though he is a popular student, he is not very academic.
i don’t know what to do. actually i am in a dilemma .
after saying sorry to her, i didn’t feel guilty any longer.
he is quite outgoing and has lots of friends.
don’t get upset i was only teasing .
he is so brilliant that he can always think of new ideas.
it is impolite to yell at the old.
i don’t think the young boy run into the old woman deliberately.
Ⅲ. phrases
explain the underlined words and make a sentence according to the picture given.
1. i was determined to be cheerful…(line 14)
do something with a firm desire
eg. though she loved him, she was determined to leave him.
2.… , and told her we weren’t going to be friends any more because she couldn’t keep her word.(line 24)
do what one has promised
eg.
she is a good girl and can always keep her word.
3. … , and as a result of his careless playing, we lost the game.(line 38)
because of
eg. as a result of his careless study, he failed the maths test.
4. … i cannot help wondering if she wants peter to be his best friend instead of me.(line 53)
cannot take control of oneself and do…
eg. when thinking to the jokes, i can’t help laughing.
5 … i must have sounded very proud of myself after the test.(line 8)
must have done means guessing that something has happened because there seems to be no other possibility.
more sentences in the text:
… hannah must have deliberately told everyone about my mark...(line 21)
how they must have laughed behind my back!
she said that someone must have heard us in the toilets, but i don’t believe her.
eg.it must have snowed yesterday.
Ⅴ. sentences
what does the word mean in different sentences?
1. hannah sensed something was wrong. (line 14)
he doesn’t seem to have any sense of humor.
there is no sense in getting upset about it now.
one day he will come to his senses and see what a fool he has been.
this article does not make sense to me.
2. he kept on saying really mean things to hurt me. (line 44)
watch him. he can be really mean.
don’t be so mean about money.
this word means a kind of meat in english.
i didn’t mean to hurt you.
3. i feel really guilty because i said some really cruel things too, but i can’t stand seeing our team lose. (line 46)
all the audience stood and clapped.
he is too weak to stand.
stand the bedroom against the door.
there is a fruit stand in the street.
Ⅵ.sturctures
1.he said it wasn’t his fault if he couldn’t play as well as me and that i shouldn’t yell at him.
if there are two object clauses in one sentence, that is used at the beginning of the second object clause and cannot be left out.
eg.
she said (that) she would fly to paris and that she would bring me a present.
2.since the mach, he hasn’t spoken to me even though we sit next to each other in class.
they decided to leave each other even though they loved each other.
3. various forms of a verb
… how i was sure to get a good mark. (line 9)
i was determined to be cheerful. (line 14) to infinitive
i made her promise not to tell anyone. (line 16)---- bare infinitive
i was so upset that i felt like crying. (line 20)
my best friend matthew has stopped talking to me. (line 34)
… as a result of his careless playing, we lost the game. (line 39) v-ing form as a noun
Ⅶ. homework
1. review the useful phrases and important words in this text.
2. review the two sentence structures learnt above.
3. finish parts a1 and a2 on page 90 in workbook.
period four word power
teaching aims:
to enlarge ss’s vocabulary about personality.
to help ss recognize positive and negative adjectives about personality.
to introduce synonyms and antonyms to ss.
teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.lead-in
questions:
1. think of one of your friends and make a description.
2. what kind of person is easy to make friends with?
3. what kind of person is hard to make friends with?
write down the adjectives on the blackboard.
Ⅱ.read the dialogue
ask ss to pair work the dialogue and try to get the meaning of the adjectives.
go through the first table and figure out positive adjectives and negative adjectives to describe personality.
Ⅲ. competition
encourage ss to come up with more adjectives to describe personality.
divide the ss into two groups, the group which comes up with more groups will be the winner.
Ⅳ. synonyms and antonyms
introduce the definition of synonyms and antonyms to the ss.
go through the second table and do some more exercises.
Ⅴ. consolidation
1. figure out the adjectives according to the meaning on the left.
2. finish the exercises on page 7
Ⅵ. game --- describe and guess
one student is going to stand in front of the class and describe the personality of one of his/her friends, the others are going to guess out who the person is. the one who guess it out can have a chance to go to the front.
Ⅶ. have a thinking
have a summary of what we have learnt in this period of class.
ask ss to think about two questions:
do you want to be popular?
do you want to make true friends?
so we should build a positive personality.
Ⅷ. homework
finish the relevant exercises in the unit revision.
period five grammar (1)
teaching aims:
to recognize the basic forms of the to-infinitive and the bare infinitive.
to learn how to use to-infinitives and bare infinitives in different situations.
teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.lead-in
look at some proverbs about friendship and pay attention to the words in red.
1) a faithful friend is hard to find.
2) the only way to have a friend is to be one.
3) it is better to be alone than in bad company.
Ⅱ.functions of to-infinitive
1) subject of a sentence
2) object
3) object complement
4) attribute
5) predicative
6) adverbial
Ⅲ. functions of bare infinitive
1) we use the bare infinitive after:
* let and make and sometimes have
* verbs of perception: feel, hear, see and watch
* would rather, had better and why not
2) when two infinitives are joined by and, or, expect, but, than, rather than, we normally use the bare infinitive for the second infinitive.
Ⅵ. consolidation
1. turn to page 9 and complete the letter.
2. retell the letter to your partner using your own language.
Ⅶ. homework
finish c1 on page 100 in workbook and relevant exercises in unit revision
some more exercises are prepared if time permits.
period six grammar (2)
teaching aims:
to recognize the basic form of the verb-ing.
to learn how to use the verb-ing form as a noun in different situations.
teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.lead-in
show ss some proverbs and ask them to pay attention to the words in red.
saying is one thing and doing another.
seeing is believing.
constant dripping wears away a stone.
reading enriches the mind.
Ⅱ.1. functions of verb-ing
1) subject
2) predicative
3) object
4) after possessive pronouns
5) in compound nouns
2. we use a verb-ing form, not an infinitive after these verbs: admit, dislike, imagine, delay, consider, mind, understand, avoid, enjoy, practise, miss, finish, keep, suggest.
3. we can use a verb-ing form or an infinitive after the following verbs, with little difference in meaning: continue, prefer, begin, hate, like, start, love
4. some verbs can be followed by a verb-ing form or a to-infinitive , but with some different in meaning or usage: forget, regret, remember, mean, try, go on
forget + to-infinitive (an activity that has not been done)
forget + verb-ing form (an action that has been done)
5. some common phrases are used with verb-ing forms.
would you mind …
…cannot help…
…look forward to…
…feel like…
…cannot stand…
…it is no use/ good…
…put off…
…keep on…
Ⅲ. consolidation
complete the letter on page 11
Ⅵ.discussion:
state your opinion on visiting internet chat rooms.
Ⅶ. more exercises
Ⅶ. homework
period seven task (1)
teaching aims:
to practice ss’ listening ability by taking notes.
to practice ss’ oral ability by express agreement and disagreement
teaching procedures:
1. lead-in
1) interview
one or two of our classmates has been abroad in this summer. now you have a chance to interview him/her. write down his/her answers.
give some hint about how to take notes.
2) watch a video about an interview, and try to take notes about the answers.
Ⅱ.skills building1: writing down the answers
think about what questions to ask and write them down in advance.
write brief notes only, not whole sentences.
make meaningful notes.
use contractions and abbreviations whenever possible.
if you don’t hear or understand an answer, ask the other person to repeat it. you can use expressions such as:
could you say that again?
could you repeat that, please?
did you say… or…?
Ⅲ.listen to the tape and answer the questions on page 12.
first read the instruction in the box and try to answer two easy questions
then listen to the tape and answer the questions.
Ⅵ.step1 calling teen talk for advice
read the leaflet about teen talk.then complete the notes.
listen to the tape and finish part b
Ⅶ. discussion
1.interview the classmates and fill in the chart.
2.according to the result of the interview, try to discuss some statements on friendship with classmates.
3.expressions of agreeing or disagreeing.
Ⅶ. homework
review what we have learnt today and write a letter to your friend about what his/her friendship means to you.
keep the ideas on page 17 in mind when you write.
your feelings about friendship
your feelings about best friends
the quantities of a good friend
what makes a good friendship last
period eight task (2)
teaching aims:
to practice ss’ listening ability by listening to others’ composition.
to practice ss’ proofreading ability by checking each other’s composition.
teaching procedures:
1. lead-in
review what we have learnt in skills building 1 and skills building 2
listen to the composition of one student and the others try to find out his mistakes.
Ⅱ.skills building 3 : proofreading
what careless mistakes do we often make in our compositions
facts
grammar
handwriting
punctuation
vocabulary
spelling
style
tip: instruct students of how to make corrections.
Ⅲ.practice
proofread the article on page 16
Ⅵ.further practice
proofread a few sentences and one more piece of writing.
Ⅶ.consolidation
proofread your composition by yourself.
exchange your composition with your deskmate, proofread his/her composition.
Ⅶ. presentation
present the article you have proofread to the class.
Ⅷ. homework
proofread the composition you have written recently.
finish the relevant exercises in unit revision.
period nine project (1)
teaching aims:
to practice ss’ reading ability by reading the article from the school magazine.
to get ss’ know the differences between teenage boys’ and girls’ friendship.
to instruct ss on how to design and conduct a survey.
teaching procedures:
1. lead-in
1. ask ss to finish a questionnaire on friendship.
2. analyze the result of the questionnaire and find out the difference between boys’ and girls’ friendship.
3. what’s your definition of friendship? (ask boys and girls to answer separately)
do you think boys and girls have different attitudes towards friendship?
Ⅱ. reading
read the school magazine article carefully and try to answer the following questions.
what puzzles robert?
what’s the difference between boys and girls in their attitudes towards friendship?
what are boys’ and girls’ friendships each based on?
Ⅲ. language points
1. they’re still sitting on the sofa, absorbed in conversation! (line, 6)
be lost in
2. what in the world do they have to talk about? (line, 6)
on earth, used to emphasize a statement
3. girls who have been asked can usually answer the question without hesitation. (line 18)
without pausing before doing something
4. on the other hand, a girl’s closest friend might be the first to tell her about something good or bad that has happened in her life. (line 24)
used when comparing different facts or ideas
在另一方面，从另一方面来说
5. regardless of what these friendships are based upon, shared feelings or activities, the important thing to remember is that both of them are friendships. (line 28)
without being affected by different situations, problems, etc. 不管，不顾
Ⅵ. assignment of the project
1. planning
form a group of 6
choose your topic
get the topic approved by your teacher
2. preparing
discuss the purpose and design of the survey
clear assignments
design the survey ______
conduct the survey ______
calculate the result ______
write the report ______
present the oral report ______
3. producing
make a questionnaire
give out and collect the questionnaires
record and analyze the statistics
write the report
4. presenting
present your findings to the class in an oral report
answer any questions raised by your classmates
Ⅶ. homework
finish the project
period ten project (2)
teaching aims:
to practice ss’ oral ability by anticipating in the oral report.
to improve ss’ team work spirit by finishing and presenting the project..
to improve ss’ emotional sense of friendship.
teaching procedures:
Ⅰ. lead-in
revision
retell the magazine article and summarize the difference between boys’ and girls’ attitude on friendship.
Ⅱ. presentation on how attitudes between boys and girls differ on a certain topic.
Ⅲ. presentation.
Ⅵ. summary
we should cherish our friendship
Ⅶ. homework
b1,b2 on page 91 in workbook
d1,d2on page 93 in workbook
relevant exercises in unit revision
period eleven self-assessment
teaching aims:
to check ss’ understanding of the two letters and the reading strategy of the two letters
to check ss’ master of the adjectives to describe personality.
to consulate ss’ understanding of the infinitives and verb-ings.
teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.revision
ask students to retell the two letters in the reading part. share what he/she has learnt with the others.
Ⅱ. exercises.
1. fill in the blanks with correct words
though he is a popular student, he is not very academic .
i don’t know what to do. actually i am in a dilemma .
after saying sorry to her, i didn’t feel guilty any longer.
he is quite outgoing and has lots of friends.
don’t get upset i was only teasing .
he is so brilliant that he can always think of new ideas.
it is impolite to yell at the old.
i don’t think the young boy run into the old woman deliberately .
i was determined to be cheerful, but hannah sensed something was wrong.
he kept on saying really mean things to hurt me.
i cannot help wondering if he wants peter to be his best friend instead of me.
but i can’t stand seeing out team lose.
when asked they usually hesitate before responding.
girls who have been asked can usually answer the question without hesitation .
friendships between girls are usually based on shared feelings and support
there are some things about amanda and her friends that puzzle robert.
2. write down the synonyms and antonyms.
synonyms
brave---courageous
loyal---faithful
passionate---enthusiastic
smart---clever
diligent---hardworking
antonyms
open-minded---narrow-minded
introvert---extrovert
selfish---selfless
generous---mean
talkative---quite
3. fill in he blanks with correct words, the first letter is given to you.
in china, most people think that the student who can get high marks in exams is a good student. however, will this kind of thought bring benefit to our chinese education? this mark-oriented education system even worrys some educators. they have a different attitude. it is true that a student should be absorbed in his studies. but besides in-class study, he has to develop in an all-round way. sport and after-school activities also play an important role in the development of a student. most teenagers are suffering from the pressure of exams.
in addition, a good adolescent should be honest and kind to others. in other words, he never betrays his friends, if he does something wrong, he admits his mistakes and apologize without hesitation.
to sum up, a student should be brilliant in his study and have a good personality.
4. 根据中文补全句子。
1) 想找到一个最好的朋友是困难的。
it is difficult to find a best friend.
2) 我每天需要8小时睡眠。
i need to sleep for eight hours every day.
3) 我有一个重要的会议要参加
i have a very important meeting to attend.
4) 他的目的是使我开心起来
his intention was to cheer me up.
5） 爸给我安排了一些游泳课以给我一个惊喜。
my dad arranged some swimming lessons to surprise me.
6） 让我承诺每天写作。
he make me promise to write every day.
7） 最好打扫一下你的房间。
you had better tidy your bedroom.
8） 游泳池里有一只鞋。
there is a shoe in the swimming pool.
9） 我通过每天早上跑步来保健。
i keep fit by running every morning.
10) 我将永远不会忘记我赢得的第一枚金牌。
i will never forget winning my first gold medal.
11）我那样说不是故意想伤害你的。
i didn’t mean to hurt you by saying that.
12) 在中国摇手表示说再见。
in china waving hands means saying goodbye.
5. multiple choices
1.＿＿＿＿＿sunday, the students are at home.
a.being b.to be c.it is d.it being
2.the boy lay on his back, his teeth ＿＿and his glaring eyes ＿＿＿.
a.set； looked b.set； looking
c.setting； looked d.setting； looking
3.all the thing＿＿＿＿，his proposal is of greater value than yours.
a.considered b.considering c.to consider d.consider
4.＿＿＿＿who she was, she said she was mr.johnson’s friend.
a.asking b.asked c.to be asked d.when asking
5.he hurried to the station,＿＿＿the 9：30 train had already left.
a.to find b.found c.only to find d.only finding
6.which do you enjoy ＿＿＿your weekends, fishing or watching tv?
a.spending b.to spend c.being spent d.spend
7.＿＿＿all my letters, i had a drink and went out.
a.finished b.having finished c.finishing d.to finish
8.she had no money ＿＿＿a birthday present for her children.
a.to buy with b.buying c.bought d.with which to buy
9.from the dates＿＿＿on the gold coin, it is conformed that it was made five hundred years ago.
a.marking b.marked c.to be marked d.having been marked
10.＿＿＿＿time and labour, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.
a.to save b.saved c.saving d.having saved
11.o’neal works hard.he is often seen ＿＿＿heavily before his teammates start.
a.sweated b.to be sweated c.sweating d.being sweated
12.i can hardly imagine peter＿＿＿across the atlantic ocean in 15 days.
a.sail b.to sail c.sailing d.to have sailed
13.such＿＿＿the case, i couldn’t help but ＿＿＿＿＿ him.
a.being； support b.is； to support c.has been； supporting d.be； supported
14.does the way you thought of＿＿＿the water clean make any sense?
a.making b.to make c.how to make d.having made
15.in order not to be disturbed, i spent three hours＿＿in my study.
a.locking b.locked c.to lock d.being locked
16.you will find the word “psychology” ＿＿＿＿under “p” in your dictionary.
a.have listed b.list c.listed d.listing
17.sandy could do nothing but ＿＿＿to his mother that he was wrong.
a.admitting b.admits c.admit d.to admit
18.when i caught him cheating me, i stopped ＿＿things in his shop.
a.buying b.buy c.to buy d.bought
19.a doctor can expect＿＿＿at any hour of the day or night.
a.calling b.to call c.being called d.to be called
20.nearly every great building in beijing was built＿ south.
a.to face b.facing c.to have faced d.being facing
21.with his son＿＿＿, the old man felt unhappy.
a.to be disappointed b.disappointing c.being disappointed d.to disappoint
22.it was＿＿＿＿computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.
a.to have played b.playing c.played d.having played
23.and there, almost＿＿＿in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet.
a.having lost b.losing c.to be lost d.lost
24.as i will be away for at least a year, i’d appreciate＿＿＿from you now and then＿＿me how everyone is getting along.
a.hearing； tell b.to hear； tell c.hearing； telling d.to hear； to tell
25.the students are forbidden, unless they have special passes, ＿＿＿ after 11 pm.
a.to stay out b.from staying out c.staying out d.not to stay out
26.i worked so late in the office last night that i hardly had time＿＿＿ the last bus.
a.catching b.to catch c.having caught d.to have caught
27.＿＿to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
a.exposed b.having exposed c.being exposed d.after being exposed
28.mike didn’t start＿＿＿＿the importance of a foreign language till he graduated from school.
a.knowing b.to know c.know d.to have known
29.-- why was a special meeting called?
-- ＿＿＿a new chairman.
a.to elect b.electing c.our electing d.elected
30.-- why did bob weep?
-- he couldn’t bear＿＿＿like that before the whole class.
a.making fun of b.being made fun of c.to be laughed at d.being made fun
31.the students expected there＿＿＿more reviewing classes before the final exams.
a.is b.to be c.being d.have been
32.i don’t mind＿＿＿by bus, but i hate＿＿in queues.
a.traveling； stand b.to travel； to stand
c.traveling； to stand d.traveling； to standing
33.we are looking forward to＿＿＿the film＿＿＿＿at the grand cinema.
a.seeing； to show b.see； shown c.seeing； shown d.see； to show
34.at the shopping-centre,he didn’t know what＿＿and＿＿with an empty bag.
a.to buy； leave b.to be bought； left c.to buy； left d.was to buy； leave
35.the policeman put down the phone, ＿＿＿with a smile on his face.
a.satisfied b.satisfying c.to be satisfied d.having satisfied
36.＿＿＿, your composition is full of mistakes.
a.writing carelessly b.written carelessly
c.having written carelessly
d.being written carelessly
37.she made a candle＿＿＿us light.
a.give b.gave c.to give d.given
38.-- what do you suppose made her worried?
-- ＿＿＿a gold ring.
a.lose b.lost c.losing d.because of losing
39.i know it’s not important, but i can’t help ＿＿about it.
a.to think b.and think c.thinking d.being thought
40.＿＿several times, the young scientist still kept on making his experiments.
a.having been failed b.having failed c.though failed d.because of failure
41.＿＿＿all over the hill and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.
a.to grow b.growing c.grown d.grow
42.--who are you going to have＿＿this letter for you?
-- my secretary.
a.type b.typed c.been typed d.been typing
43.the food＿＿＿at the moment is for the dinner party.
a.cooked b.to be cooked c.is being cooked d.being cooked
44.a kind old gentleman offered＿＿＿my bags to the taxi stand.
a.his help carried b.carrying c.me to carry d.to help me to carry
45.you can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had＿＿＿her children.
a.brought up b.to bring up c.bringing up d.to have brought up
46.he was＿＿＿today, but was asked to stay for＿＿＿week.
a.to have returned； another b.returning； one more
c.returned； another d.to return； other
47.-- where should i send my form?
-- the personnel office is the place＿＿＿.
a.for sending it b.to send it to c.to send d.to send it
48.i could feel the wind＿＿on my face from an open window.
a.to blow b.blowing c.to be blowing d.blown
49.-- lucy, why didn’t you come last sunday?
-- i＿＿＿, but my father was in hospital.
a.would b.had c.was going to d.did
50.--what terrible weather! i simply can’t get the car＿＿＿.
- - why not try＿＿＿＿the engine with some hot water?
a.starting； filling b.start； filling c.started; to fill d.to start; fill
参考答案及简析
1.d。本题考查独立主格结构,因为前后主语不一致,所以前面分词的逻辑主语不可以省略。it being sunday相当于as it is sunday。
2.b。独立主格结构在句中作伴随状语, teeth 与set两个词之间含有逻辑上的被动关系,所以用过去分词；look这一动作是eyes所发出,所以用looking。
3.a。独立主格结构在句中作状语,因为things与consider之间含有被动关系,所以用过去分词。
4.b。分词短语作状语,因为ask与句子的主语（she）之间有被动关系,所以用过去分词。5.c。本题考查“（only）＋不定式”与“-ing形式”作结果状语的区别。“only＋不定式”表示该结果在主语的预料之外；接“-ing”形式表示由主句所产生的逻辑上的结果。
6.b。本题考查不定式作目的状语,本题极易误选a。其实 enjoy的宾语为fishing or watching tv。
7.b。因finish这一动作发生在i had a drink and went out之前,所以必须用现在分词的完成式。
8.d。介词＋关系代词＋不定式的结构可以在句中用作定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。9.b。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。不定式作定语时,表示将来的动作；现在分词作定语,表示主动、进行；过去分词作定语,表示被动、完成。因为dates是被标在gold coin上,所以用过去分词表示被动。
10.a。不定式作目的状语。
11.c。分词在句中作主语补足语。因sweat这一动作是he所发出,所以为主动。
12.c。peter为逻辑主语，与sailing构成复合结构，作imagine的宾语。
13.a。can’t help but为固定短语, but后面接不带to的不定式；such being the case为独立主格结构，the case为逻辑主语。
14.b。
15.b。lock与其逻辑主语应含有动宾关系,即 “被锁在书房里”。
16.c。单词psychology被列在 “p”之下,有被动关系。
17.c。but表示 “除了”,为介词,当其前面有动词do的各种形式时,but后接不带to的不定式。18.a。当stop后面接不定式时,表示“停下来去做某事”；如果接-ing形式,则表示“停止正在做的事”。
19.d。expect后面接不定式。由题意可知,doctor与call之间是被动关系。
20.b。现在分词在句中表示状态。
21.b。with复合结构在句中作状语,表示原因,意为“由于儿子很是令人失望。”
22.b。本题为强调句型，被强调的部分是句子的主语，所以采用-ing形式。
23.d。be lost in是固定短语，意为“陷入……之中”。变为分词短语作状语时，仍用过去分词lost。
24.c。appreciate后直接接-ing形式作宾语。
25.a。本题考查forbid 的用法。当forbid用作被动形式时,构成be forbidden to do结构。
26.b。
27.c。由题意“暴露在阳光下太久,会伤害人的皮肤”可知应采用-ing形式的被动式作主语。28.b。start后可以接-ing形式或to do,但如果start后面的动词表示心理活动的词时,必须用不定式。
29.a。回答why引导的问句，一般用不定式；回答what问句，一般用-ing形式。
30.b。bear意为“容忍”, 后面接-ing形式；make fun of与其逻辑主语有被动关系,所以用being done形式。
31.b。expected there to be的形式相当于expected there would be...。
32.c。mind意为“介意”, 后面接-ing形式； hate后可以接-ing形式或to do两种形式。33.c。look forward to（to为介词）后面接-ing形式；film与show之间含有被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。
34.c。“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作宾语；left与didn’t know并列。
35.a。be satisfied with“对……满意”,即satisfy与with紧紧相连时,必须用其过去分词。
36.b。write所表示的动作与其逻辑主语有被动关系。being written为现在分词进行时的被动,表示该动作正在进行,与题意不符,所以选b。
37.c。不定式作目的状语, 意为“她制了一些蜡烛用来照明”。
38.c。参见注29。
39.c。can’t help表示“忍不住”后面接-ing形式；表示“不能帮助”时,后面接不定式。40.b。fail这一动作发生在主句谓语动词之前,所以用现在分词的完成时,并且为主动概念。41.b。all over the hill and around the lake为地点状语提前。wild flowers是长在“山上及湖的周围”的。
42.a。who为have的宾语。
43.d。根据句子意思可知该动作正在进行,所以用being done形式。
44.d。本题考查offer与help的用法, 即offer to do sth.与help sb.(to) do sth。45.c。本题考查have difficulty(in) doing sth.这一结构。本句中 the woman had为定语从句,修饰difficulty。
46.a。be to＋have done结构,表示本应该做某事,但事实上却没有做。
47.b。本题考查不定式作定语的用法。根据send的用法，send sth.to some place，故选择答案b。
48.b。blow这一动作是wind发出的,所以为主动,因此选择blowing。
49.c。该题考查了动词不定式的省略现象。由题意可知是表示过去的一种打算或计划，在“was going to”后省略了前面的内容或动作，故应选c。
50.a。get the car starting意为“使汽车发动起来”；try doing 意为“试着做某事”。
Ⅲ. homework
review what we have learnt in this unit.
高二牛津版（5）unit one getting along with others
高考链接：
1. i must have sounded very proud of myself after the test, saying loudly how easy it was and how i was sure to get a good mark.（p2,line8）
[考点] must + have done( p.p) 意思是：一定已经做了某事，表示对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测。
[考例] ----the woman biologist stayed in africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. （nmet 05， 江苏）
-----oh, dear! she ______ a lot of difficulties!
a. may go through b. might go through
c. ought to have gone through d. must have gone through
[点拨] 根据题干中“studying wild animals for 13 years”可判断出一定遇到了许多困难。故选d。
2. we went to wash our hands in the girls’ toilets before lunch and i admitted how badly i had done…( p2, line 16)
[考点] admit 表示承认,接纳。常用以下搭配：admit sb. into/ to sth. /admit doing sth./.
that- clause
[考例] they were clearly long-standing customers, and i suppose they must have stayed faithful to him because he had promised to sell good quality fruit. he had a way with them----i had to ____that. （nmet 05，江西完型填空第44空）
a. admit b. expect c. announce d. promise
[点拨] 根据上下文，表示“我不得不承认那点-------他有…”故选a。
3. he seemed absent-minded and as a result of his careless playing, we lost the game.( p3 ,line38)
[考点] as a result of 表示由于,后常接名词代词，或动名词及其名词从句，而as a result 表示结果，后常接表示结果的句子。
[考例] my friend martin was very sick with a strange fever; _____, he could neither eat nor sleep.(nmet 05, 江西)
a. as a result b. after all
c. any way d. otherwise
[点拨]after all 毕竟， any way 无论如何， otherwise否则。上句说“马丁患了奇怪的发烧，病得很厉害。”下句说“他不能吃也不能睡。”一词连接词应意为“结果”。故选a。
4. i feel really guilty because i said some really cruel things too, but i can’t stand seeing our team lose.( p3, line 46)
[考点] stand vt.承受；经受；承担，常用以下搭配can't stand sth /doing sth 例如：
he wants to marry me but i can't stand the sight of him. 他要娶我，但我一见他就受不了。
i can’t stand being treated like this.我受不了别人这样对我。
[考例]modern plastics can ____ very high and very low temperatures. ( nmet 05, 山东)
a. stand b. hold c. carry d. support
[点拨] hold 持有，拥有，carry携带，传送，support 支撑，支援，而stand 的意思是“经受”。本句意思是：现代的塑料可以经受非常高和低得温度。
5. each player should play to their strengths. (p5, line 22) （nmet 05，天津）
[考点] strength 名词，表示力量， 力气， 实力。
[考例] bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his________.
a. ability b. force c. strength d. mind
[点拨]这儿考名词的搭配。ability 能力，force 武力，势力， mind 头脑，智力。build up one’s strength 表示“使自己强壮”，故选c。
6. don’t let a small disagreement ruin your friendship. do not delay. （p5, line27）
[考点] delay及物动词表示“耽搁， 拖延， 推迟”。可以用于被动语态。
[考例]john was late for the business meeting because his flight had been ____ by a heavy storm. ( nmet 04, 辽宁)
a. kept b. stopped c. slowed d. delayed
[点拨]这儿考动词delay的用法。 题干中be late for 意思是迟到，因此根据句意， 航班应该是受到“耽搁， 延误”， 故选d。
7. i have a very important meeting to attend. ( p8, line14)
[考点] 不定式做后置定语的用法。 通常我们有些特殊的句式。例如 have something to do。
[考例] the professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his arguments in favor of the new theory.(.6)
a. to be based on b. to base on c. which to base on d. on which to base
[点拨] 该句是不定式坐后置定语的一种用法。意思是：这位教授难以找到能够有利于新理论的充足理由来支持他的观点。故选d.
8. we had nothing to do but watch tv. (p8, line 39)
[考点] 非谓语的一种用法。 but其后要接带to不定式，但有三个结构例外。 do nothing but， can't but， can not help (choose) but， 它们后面要接不带to的不定式。
[考例] there was nothing they could do______.
a. but wait b. except waiting
c. only to wait d. unless they waited
[点拨] do nothing but do sth. , nothing前有do，后面的to要省略,故选a。
9. i’m glad i persuaded you to talk to rachel. (p9, line 7)
[考点] persuade 是及物动词，表示说服，劝说，可用于被动语态。通常用以下搭配 persuade sb. to do sth/ into doing sth.
[考例]the number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ____ to eat more fruit and vegetables. ( nmet 04, 上海)
a. persuade b. will persuade c. be persuaded d. are persuaded
[点拨] 根据句意应该用被动语态，排出a、b两项。而且用if 引导的条件从句中用“一般现在时”表示将来的概念。故选d。
10. i’ve met some nice people here in london and i think we might become close friends.（p9,line10）
[考点] 情态动词might表示说话者对所说的事情不太肯定的推测，通常表示“不确定，拿不准”。
[考例] ---- excuse me. is this the right way to the summer palace? ( nmet 04, 湖北)
-----sorry, i am not sure. but it____.
a. might b. will c. must d. can
[点拨]can 通常表示肯定推测，查功能用于疑问句或否定句中。本题由下句“i am not sure.”推知，发话人对此事拿不准。故选a。
11. these things can make you feel anxious. （p12，line20）
[考点] anxious做形容词使用，表示“焦急的，焦虑的，渴望的”。
[考例] my mother always gets a bit ___if we don’t arrive when we say we will. ( nmet 05, 浙江) a. anxious b. ashamed c weak d. patient
[点拨] ashamed 羞耻的， weak虚弱的，无力的， patient耐心的，忍耐的
anxious表示担忧的。根据所提供的情景，“if we don’t arrive when we say we will” 可以判断出 由于说将要回来，但没有回来，所以母亲会感到担忧。故选a。
12. do you feel sad and lonely? do you have no one to talk to? don’t suffer in silence.
（p13，line6）
[考点]suffer既可用作及物动词，表示遭受，经历，忍受。又可用作步及物动词，表示受痛苦，受损害。
[考例] _____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
(nmet 01)
a. having suffered b. suffering c. to suffer d. suffered
[点拨] 由already 一词可知， 要用现代分词的完成式。全句意思是：由于已经受到如此严重的污染， 现在清理河道可能太晚了。故选a。
13. we will listen to your problems and offer you practical advice. (p13, line8)
[考点] 形容词practical表示实用的，实际的。
[考例] when we plan our vacation, mother often offers ____suggestions. ( nmet 04, iii)
a. careful b. practical c. effective d. acceptable
[点拨] 据句意应为“提供实用的建议“，而careful仔细的， effective有效的，acceptable可以接受的”。故选b。
14. our lines can get very busy but please keep trying and you will eventually
get through.( p13, line12)
[考点]get through 表示电话等接通，常用于动词搭配使用。
[考例]i couldn’t ____. the line was busy. (nmet 05 , 浙江)
a. go by b. go around c. get in d. get through
[点拨] go by 依照， go round 四处走动， get in 收获， 而get through 指打通电话。根据所提供的情景“the line was busy.”可以判断出“i”一直没有打通电话。故选d。
15. i agree with you on/ that…..(p14,line 4)
[考点] 日常交际用语中考点之一，表态性用语，表示同意。或者用否定用法，不同意。
[考例]----go for a picnic this weekend, ok?
---- ______. i love getting close to nature. ( nmet 04, 福建)
a. i couldn’t agree more b.i afraid not.
c. i believe not d. i don’t think so.
[点拨] 此题考查交际用语，根据下文的回答可知，回答的人非常同意第一个提议的人的建议。其他选项部各题意。
i couldn’t agree more 表示“我非常同意。”故选a。
unit 1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. he a_______ to his teacher for not having finished his homework.
2. when asked what he wanted to be, he answered without h_____.
3. his mother said that if he couldn’t pass the exam, she would sell the computer as p______.
4. he was too s_______ to admit that he was wrong and refused to say sorry to his girl friend.
5. you have put me in a very a_______position and now i don’t know how to deal with the matter.
6. she said she was sorry, but her eyes b______ her secret delight.
7. tobby is always looking forward to being f______ by his parents after he does something wrong.
8. peter is popular with his classmates for we always find him w_____ to help others.
9. we are much c______ about the present situation and hope that the government will take effective measures to preserve the environment.
10.you are already grown-ups; you are required to take r_______ for what you do.
11．in order to avoid the p______________ for the wrong that he had done, he went to a european country in 1981.
12．he was too s_______________ to admit that he was wrong and refused to say sorry to his girl friend.
13．i am sorry that i was a____________ just now and didn’t quite catch what you said.
14. although the b________ scientist has made his mark in the field of physics, he is sometimes
absent-minded in his daily life.
15. she _______( 发誓) that she hadn’t told anyone , but her friend still didn’t forgive her.
16. people are trying to make the once ____________ (污染) river clean again.
17. nearly all children are c about new fantastic things.
18.he always b her by telling the same story.
19．the curtain m the wall well .do you like the color ?
20．in the a of the teacher , fang lan will be in charge .
21.what do you think i should do to (解决) this problem?
22.many （志愿者）are needed to help in beijing olympic games.
23. i wrote a letter to the manager of that company and wanted to a___________ for the job.
24. he gets along well with his classmates because he is an______________（外向的）boy.
25. ordinary people could ___________(假装) to be rich and important.
26. many crimes went ___________________(未受惩罚的).
27. at school she founded a close f___________ with several other girls.
28. i don’t d_______ he’ll come. i’m sure he will come.
29. your invention is ingenious, but not p__________.
30. the woman shows a very passive a__________ towards her work.
31. they p___________ about what to do next.
32. it’s ___________(荒唐) of you to suggest such a thing.
33. she ____________(答复) to my letter with a phone call.
34. everyone should be ____________(忠诚) to their friends.
35. a m__________ person is someone who has moods that change quickly.
36. she is so t________ that she doesn’t dare to speak in public.
对话填空。
a: can you tell me something about the earth summit?
b: yes. it’s a meeting held by the un to discuss e (37) issues. a: when and where was the l (38 ) earth summit held?
b: in johnnesburg in .
a: what main subject of the summit was r (39)?
b: sustainable and s (40) development.
a: what did e (41) from all over the world discuss in johnnesburg?
b: they discussed the three biggest e (42)or killers in the world: polluted drinking water, poor sanitation（公共卫生设施）and air p (43)
a: what else did many speakers speak about at the meeting?
b: they also showed great c (44) about poverty, war and violence.
a: why are conferences like the earth summit of i (45)?
b: because they help us understand that there exist serious s (46) the earth faces and that only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.
answers :
1. apologized 2. hesitation 3. punishment 4. stubborn 5. awkward
6. betrayed 7. forgiven 8. willing 9. concerned 10. responsibility
11. punishment 12. stubborn 13. absent-minded 14. brilliant 15. swore
16. polluted 17.curious 18.bores 19．matches 20．absence
21. solve 22. volunteers 23. apply 24. outgoing 25.pretend
26.unpunished 27. friendship 28. doubt 29 . practical 30. attitude
31.puzzled 32. absurd 33. replied 34. loyal 35. moody 36.timid
37. environmental 38. latest 39. raised 40. stable 41. experts /environmentalists 42. enemies 43. pollution 44. concern 45. importance 46. situations
unit 2 the environment
reading: the economy or the environment----must we choose?
reading 1
the general idea of this period
the main purpose of this lesson is to make ss fully understand the text and master the reading strategy.
teaching aims:
check and enhance students’ reading abilities.
2.train students to gain an overall understanding of the article and learn to read a debate.
teaching important points:
1.how to make the students fully understand the text.
2.how to get students to read a debate.
teaching aids: multimedia and a blackboard
procedures for teaching:
step 1 lead-in
1.ask students the title of the text and ask students which one to choose: the economy or the environment.
step 2 comprehension of the text
ask ss to skim the article and answer the following questions.
who are the three speakers?
what side does mr lin shuiqing and mr qian liwei each represent?
by how many times has the world’s population increased since 1800?
according to mr qian liwei,what should be done to factories that pollute the environment?ask ss to read lin shuiqing’s debate and answer the following questions.
what society does lin shuiqing belong to?
what does lin shuiqing start his speech by talking about?
what is happening to large amounts of fish?what does lin shuiqing think we should teach people about?
ask ss to read qian liwei’s debate and answer the following questions.
why does qian liwei think production should not be cut back?
what does qian liwei say we should produce more of?
what does qian liwei say we need more of?
what does qian liwei say many people are willing to do?
ask students to fill in a table on the screen according to the text.
ask students how to read a debate by asking them to answer the following questions.
what is the order of a debate?
what is the order of the debate?
what is important in a debate?
what should we pay attention to when we read or listen to a debate?
ste3 role play
three groups represent lin shuiqing and the other three groups represent qian liwei.each of you speaks one or two points.you can make some changes to the debate and add your opinions to the debate.
step 4 homework
1.read the text.
2. preview the language points in the debate.
period 2 reading 2: language focus
the general idea of this period
the main purpose of this lesson is to make ss better understand the text and master some important language points.
teaching aims:
review the reading by filling in the form with the words in the reading..2.get the students to grasp the usage of some important words and expressions.
3.get the students to practice mastering the language points.
teaching important points:
1.how to make the students have a better comprehension of the text.
2.how to help the students be familiar with the language points.
how to help ss apply these points into practice.
teaching aids: multimedia and a blackboard
procedures for teaching:
step one revision and lead-in
do the blank-filling .
step two language points
ask the students to read the debate and find the right words or phrases according to the meanings.
1.tell,express
2.something that cannot be used any more and is thrown away
3.terrible ,shocking
4.besides
5.destroy completely6.(birds,insects,fish,etc)produce eggs from their bodies
7.come near to,get close to
8.make less,reduce
9.be helpful,useful,favourable to
10.be involved in or be affected by11.a constant,steady economy
12.speak freely
explain important language points to ss .
1.in addition, many sea creatures are being wiped out by fishing boats.(line16)
2.these boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs.(line16)
3.the world’s population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.(line20)
4.my suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.(line22)
5.mr lin suggested we should cut back on the amount of things we produce in order to save the environment.
6.the amount of rubbish we produce is turning into a big problem; we need to think more about recycling.
7.but i do agree that recycling may be the key to helping both sides.(line45)8.it is obvious that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.(line29)
step three practice for consolidation
ask students to fill in the blanks with the following words or phrases.
step four homework
1.finish a1 and a2 on page 90.
2. read the text.
module 5 unit 2 the environment
word power
teaching aims 1. enlarge ss’ vocabulary related to the environment.
2. help ss use the words about the environment as possible.
teaching important points how to learn the new words effectively.
2. how to use the new words freely.
teaching difficult points
1. how to make ss describe environmental problem briefly.
how to solve the environmental problems rapidly.
teaching methods
1.students-centered. (discussion to make every student work in class.)
2.teacher & students’ interaction. (talking to improve the students’ speaking ability.)
3.multimedia way. ( practice to get the students to master what they’ve learnt.)
teaching aids the multimedia.
2. the blackboard.
teaching procedures:
step 1 lead-in
tell ss that they will go traveling in shangri la. what would they like to do?
let ss make a discussion.
questions:
what are we interested in?
what type of hotel will we stay in?
what kind of energy does the hotel ecoville use?
how does the hotel wash the sheets?
what other characteristics does the environmentally hotel have? 3. ask several ss to report their idea to the class.
step2 vocabulary learning
read this brochure about a new, environmentally friendly hotel which is opening. (help ss to learn the new words.)
doing exercise.(help ss to consolidate them.)
ask ss to label the pictures in part b and try to describe them in a few simple words if possible. (help ss improve their speaking abilities)
step 3 vocabulary extension
ask ss to focus on part c on page 27. (help ss strengthen understand the new words. )
ask ss several questions. (check ss’ understanding of the passage. )
who thought of the idea to build in environmentally friendly hotel?
where did he get his inspiration (idea) ?
what are the differences between ecoville and other hotels?
ask ss to work in groups & have a competition on words that include the prefix ‘eco-’. use dictionary if necessary.
ask ss to first complete the note in part a on page 104 in wb, and then to complete the article in part c on the same age.
step 4 homework
1. try to write an article on some environmental pollution and how to solve the problems.
2. write a guide on how to be an ecotourist.
task:
ge weimei, no. 66 high school , nanjing
teaching plan:
teaching aim and demands : 1 help the students to listen and draw conclusions
2 train the students’ listening
3 help the students to read for information
4 help the students to read a scientific article
5 help the students to present your point of view
6 design a poster
teaching procedures
sep1 skills building 1 :
in this part , students will learn how to draw conclusions from listening to something .explain to students that in order to draw conclusions , they need to think about the situation and the information they have and then try to decide what it means .
1 ask the students to read the guidelines and the dialogues in skills building on page 32 , ask them to draw conclusions from what is said in the dialogues and you can create more dialogues and ask students to draw some conclusions.
2 ask students to read the instructions in part a . then play the recording once and ask students to draw a conclusion about what kind of natural disaster occurred in each situation . ask them why they have drawn this conclusion . then play the recording once more and check the answers as a class .
3 tell the students to listen to the tape and complete part b . ask them to choose which of the conclusions are logical and to state their reasons .
step 1 : listening to a lecture
1. ask students to listen to the tape
2. encourage the students to fully participate in the situation and express their opinions freely .
3. play the tape once .
4. ask several students to read one answer each .
5. ask students to finish part b . ask them to consider what conclusions can be drawn from the statements .
skills building 2 :reading for information
1 ask students to read the guidelines on page 34 .
2 organize students into groups of six and tell them to discuss the reasons why they might want to read the materials mentioned in part a .
ask students to read the newspaper article in part b and answer the four questions listed below it .
step 2 : reading a scientific article
1 help students to review what they have learnt about desertification in step 1 on page 33 . encourage them to list the things they know about desertification.
2 ask students to read the scientific article about desertification . make sure that they understand the article .
3 organize students into groups of four and tell them to study the scientific article together.
4 ask students to list their solutions on page 35.
skills building 3 : presenting your point of view
1 ask students to read the guidelines in this part . make sure that they understand each point.
2 ask students to read the instructions for pat a on page 36 and help them give explanation for their decisions. ask several groups to explain their decisions to the class.
step 3 : designing a poster
1 organize students into small groups , and ask them to read the viewpoints from some experts on desertification in part a on page 37 . they need to discuss which viewpoint they agree with and which one they will focus on.
2. ask different groups to consider the questions in part b and ask them to present their answers to the class.
3. tell students that a good poster includes good content and a good layout . ask students to read the instructions on part c on page 37 .
4. ask each group to create their own poster . remind them to refer back to step1 and 2 .
homework: ask students to read the article in part a on page 105 in workbook. then let them do part b on the same page .
-9-12
module 5 unit 2 the environment
project
teaching aims 1.help ss learn and use english by doing a project.
2. encourage ss to use they have learnt to complete a project.
teaching important points help ss how to plan and do research for the report.
teaching difficult points
help ss how to cooperate each part of work together.
teaching methods
1.students-centered.
2.teacher & students’ interaction.
3.multimedia way.
teaching aids 1. the multimedia.
2. the blackboard.
teaching procedures:
step 1 lead-in
show some pictures of the yangtze river and tell ss the purpose of the class.
step 2 learning the text
1) divide ss into groups and ask them to read their assigned paragraph and report the main idea of the if to the class.
p1 the environmental problems of the yangtze river have raised concern.
p2 many people have recognized the importance of protecting the yangtze river and many environmental organizations and projects have been set up.
p3 two special government projects are under way to protect the river. one is the water and soil preservation project.
p4 the second project is a nature reserve for white-flag dolphins.
p5 the environmental situation of the yangtze river is improving.
2) encourage ss in other groups to raise as many questions as possible.
3) ask ss to read the report carefully and answer the questions.
4) ask ss to form into groups and discuss the following questions.
a.why have the environmental problems of the yangtze river raised concern both nationally and internationally?
b.what does the green river organization do?
c.what problems do the two government projects focus on?
d.what did farmers have to do under the water and soil preservation project?
e. what does the second project concern?
extension questions:
f. do you think the environmental situation of the yangtze river is getting better? why?
g. what else can we do to protect the yangtze river?
5) ask ss to read the article again and analyse the structure of it.
6) ask ss to do close test.
7) have ss do part b1 & b2, d1 & d2.
step 3 writing a report
planning
● work in small groups. discuss what you read on the previous page, briefly discuss the questions below and then decide on a topic for your report. have it approved by your teacher.
what do you think are the biggest environmental problems in china?
the topic for your report will be ___________________________.
● discuss the tasks listed below and decide which group members will be responsible for each task. write the names beside the work each member is going to do. (remember, two or three people can work on the same task!)
research __________________________________________________
write the outline ____________________________________________
write the report ____________________________________________
preparing
● members responsible for doing research need to find information from various sources on the topic you have chosen. the group should discuss the information found, and decide what to increase include in the report and what to leave out.
● those responsible for writing the outline should organize the information the group has decided to use and write an outline for the report using that information. the outline should be approved by the whole group.
producing
● group members who are writing the report will have to write it based on the outline.
● all group members should edit the report before it is passed on to another group for editing. your group will be editing another group’s report at the same time.
● while editing, you should read the report closely and look for the following:
sentence structure organization punctuation
vocabulary grammar spelling
● during the editing stage, correct any mistakes you find and offer suggestions to the group on how they can improve their report. ask for comments on your report as well.
presenting
● the report should be written and checked once more for mistakes.
● present your report to the class.
● put your rep
日的教学教案篇6
一、教学目标
1.骈文的文体特点。
2.体会本文语言的优美。
3.记忆相关文言知识和典故。
4.积累“故”、“尽”、“属”、“即”等实词义项， “且”、“矣”等虚词的用法。
5.理解作者复杂的感情，
二、学习本文情景交融的写法。
三、教学重点
1.通读全文，疏通文意。
2.了解骈文的文体特点。
3.体会作者复杂的感情。
四、教学难点：骈文的语言和大量的典故。
五、导学过程
1滕王阁:
滕王阁，为唐永徽四年（657）高祖子滕王李元婴为洪州都督时所建，以封号为名。建成之
后，历经唐、宋、元、明、清等封建王朝，一千多年来毁而复建几十次。1985年10月8
日又重新建成，屹立于鄱阳湖， 赣水之滨。
2骈文
魏晋以后产生的一种文体,又称骈俪文。南北朝是骈俪文的全盛时期。唐与“古文”
相对称为“骈文”。又因它通篇四、六字句，亦称“四六文”。
特点：1. 讲求对仗，一般用四字句或 六字句。
2. 平仄相对，音律和谐。
3. 多用典故，讲究藻饰。
骈文多注重形式技巧,但运用得当，也能增强文章艺术性。
3生字注音
襟（ jīn ） 三江 鹤汀（ tīng ） 命运多舛（ chuǎn
凫（ fú ）渚（ zhŭ ） 川泽纡（ yū ） 孤鹜（ wù ）
樽（ zūn ） 迥（ jiŏng ） 盛筵（ yán ）
梓（ zĭ ）泽 襜（ chān ）帷 睢（ suī ）园
瓯（ ōu ）越 骖騑（cān fēi ） 睇眄（ dì miǎn ） 棨戟（ qǐ jǐ ） 披绣闼（ tà ） 叨（ tāo ）陪鲤对
4对偶形式
四四对四四：层峦耸翠，上出重霄；飞阁流丹，下临无地。
六六对六六：俨骖騑于上路，访风景于崇阿； 临卷帝子之长洲，得天人之旧馆。
四六对四六：渔舟唱晚， 响穷彭蠡之滨； 雁阵惊寒， 声断衡阳之浦。
六四对六四：屈贾谊于长沙，非无圣主； 窜梁鸿于海曲， 岂泛明时？
5成语积累
物华天宝 人杰地灵 高朋满座 腾蛟起凤 萍水相逢 钟鸣鼎食
老当益壮 投笔从戎 天高地迥 胜友如云 失之东隅， 收之桑榆
新课标第一网
四 文章结构
•第一部分（1）： 扣“洪府” —— 赞地之灵秀，述宾主之美
•第二部分（2）： 扣“秋日登阁”——绘山川美景，叙人烟富庶
•第三部分（3-4）：扣“饯”——写宴会盛况，抒人生感慨
•第四部分（5）： 扣“别”——感知己难遇，叹盛宴难再
五 分析典故运用的作用：
1“物华天宝，龙光射斗牛之墟；人杰地灵，徐儒下陈蕃之榻。”
(用典故来写物产人物)
2“睢园绿竹，气凌彭泽之樽；邺水朱华，光照临川之笔。”
(用典故来比拟此次滕王阁盛会)
3：“怀帝阍而不见，奉宣室以何年？”、“冯唐易老，李广难封”、
“屈贾宜于长沙，非无圣主；窜梁鸿于海曲，岂乏明时？”
( 借典故来抒发自己怀才不遇之情)
4“酌贪泉而觉爽，处涸辙以犹欢”、“孟尝高洁，空余报国之情；阮籍猖狂，
岂效穷途之哭？” “无路请缨，等终军之弱冠；有怀投笔，幕宗壳之长风”。
(借典故来表达自己虽失意而不颓唐失志)
课后作业：仿 写 对 偶句
①滕王阁中，高朋满座；
参考答案（都督宴上，胜友如云）
②见秋水之浩淼,
参考答案（望长天之明彻）
③文不加点，谁人腾蛟起凤；
参考答案（倚马可待，王勃绣口锦心）
六 断句品韵
a 四四对四四：豫章/故郡，洪都/新府
b 六字句的断句：
（1.孟学士/之词宗，访风景/于崇阿
（2.临/帝子之长州；觉/宇宙之无穷
（3.钟鸣/鼎食/之家；谁悲/失路/之人
\（4.响穷/彭蠡之滨；气凌/彭泽之樽
（5.抚/凌云/而自惜；幸/承恩/于伟饯
c.七字句的读法（按意义划分）：
（1.襟三江/而带五湖；潦水尽/而寒潭清
（2.龙光/射/牛斗之墟；宾主/尽/东南之美
（3.落霞/与孤鹜/齐飞；秋水/共长天/一色
（4.都督/阎公/之雅望
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